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Designed By:
Christian Alas
Created and illustrated By:
Angelo Romero and Camilo Sanabria
Galaxy
A galaxy is a large group of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter that exists in space. One trait is having a numerous amount of stars. Galaxies can range from small (ten million stars) to large (10 trillion stars). Galaxies are typically classified by their shape. In total there are more than 100 billion galaxies in the universe that we can see. Dark matter accounts for 90% of the mass of most galaxies. The word galaxy comes from Greek and means “milky circle.”
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The Milky Way galaxy was observed by Galileo Galilei in 1610 when he noticed a large number of faint stars adjacent to each other. In 1755 Immanuel Kant suggested that the Galaxy might be a rotating body of stars. Many other advances in the study of the Milky Way were made, including many Hubble Space Telescope discoveries in the 1990s.
Galaxies, much like stars, are mysterious and somewhat unfamiliar to the common person. They are perhaps even more mysterious than stars since they are made up of more matter and represent a larger scale. A galaxy is almost like a living organism with its many parts, with different galaxies representing different species of organisms, that analogy is not quite literal.
The many interactions of the stars and gases within each galaxy are quite a phenomenon.
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Galaxies are part of a larger system that we popularly call the universe, which is even more mysterious. There have been many myths, parables, and sagas to try to explain it all. Time travel and the space dimension have been researched, but no conclusive findings have been reported. Movies and TV shows such as Star Trek and Star Wars were created and attempted to make sense of the world of space. Satires filled with puns have even been made. Another popular topic is the apocalypse, but the denouement of the world has been estimated and only guesses exist.
There are many anecdotes and allegories that try to explain the universe. There are even individuals who have claimed to have assumed a pseudonym and traveled back in time in a time machine capable of high velocities. The nuances of time travel are not known, and the idea itself can be quite a paradox. Even the connotations of such travel would be difficult to understand.
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Even though there is much to be discovered in the galaxy, scientists are making progress, and hopefully one day all our questions will be answered. Until then, we just have to appreciate the mystery that is the universe.
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Vocabulary
Match each word in the left column with a description in the right column that best matches its meaning.
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1. ____ Organism 2. ____ Analogy 3. ____ Phenomenon 4. ____ Connotation 5. ____ Species 6. ____ Denouement 7. ____ Trait 8. ____ Paradox 9. ____ Literal 10. ____ Velocity |
A .Miracle, wonder B .Impossibility, absurdity C .Characteristic, quality, feature D .Speed, quickness E .Type, class, group F .Suggestion, implication G .Life form, being, creature H .Ending, conclusion I .Comparison, similarity J .Exact, precise, factual |
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1. ____ Saga 2. ____ Allegory 3. ____ Satire 4. ____ Anecdote 5. ____ Adjacent 6. ____ Nuance 7. ____ Myth 8. ____ Pseudonym 9. ____ Parable 10. ____ Pun |
A .Subtle difference or distinction B .A joke C .Personal story, amusing tale D .Nearby, next-to, bordering E .Spoof, joke, sarcasm F .Grand story, epic tale G .Legend, fairy tale H .Parable, fable, tale I .Fake name, alias J .Fable or tale with a moral |
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Multiple Choice
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1. A galaxy is made up of all of the following except A. Stars. B. Gas. C. Dust. D. Lava. |
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2. Galaxies are classified by their A. Distance from earth. B. Shape. C. Chemical Properties. D. Color. |
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3. The word “galaxy” means _______ in ______. A. Vast emptiness; Arabic. B. Space system; Latin. C. Foreign shape: Italian. D. Milky circle; Greek. |
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4. The Milky Way galaxy was first observed by A. Immanuel Kant. B. Galileo Galilei. C. Isaac Newton. D. Albert Einstein. |
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5. The number of visible galaxies totals about A. 100 billion. B. 100 million. C. 100 thousand. D. 100 trillion. |
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True or False
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Choose whether each statement is true or false and write your answer in the space provided. 1. ____ Small galaxies have 10 million stars while large ones have 10 trillion stars. 2. ____ The Hubble Space Telescope was used to make numerous discoveries about the Milky Way. 3. ____ The Milky Way galaxy was first observed in 1610. 4. ____ Immanuel Kant first suggested the Milky Way as being composed of stars. 5. ____ Dark matter accounts for less than 90% of most galaxies. |
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Short Answer
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1. What has been discovered so far about time travel? ______________________________________ |
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2. How much do scientist know about space and the universe? ______________________________________ |
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3. How has the subject of space been explored in TV or film? ______________________________________ |
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4. How is a galaxy like a living organism? ______________________________________ |
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Reading Questions
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1. What is the writer’s main idea? ______________________________________ |
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2. What example supports the writer’s main idea? ______________________________________ |
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3. How does the example help the writer’s argument? ______________________________________ |
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4. What do you think about the story? ______________________________________ |
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HS – ESL2 – Unit 21 – Music – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 20 – Communications – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 19 – Flag – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 18 – Planet – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 17 – Hamburgers – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 16 – Reading – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 15 – Vincent Van Gogh – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 14 – Penguins – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 13 – Airplanes – Moodle 
HS – ESL2 – Unit 11 – Popcorn – Moodle 
Unit 1 – Maïs – French – Beginning 
Planeta – Unidad 1 – Español – Advanced 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 17 – Mustang– Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 16 – Reading – Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 15 – Vincent Van Gogh– Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 14 – Penguins – Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 13 – Medicine – Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 11 – Paris – Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 10 – Superheroes– Moodle 
HS – ESL3 – Unit 8 – Earthquakes – Moodle